Overview

Lesson Procedure

55-65 minutes of class time across 5 phases.

1. Warm-Up5-10 minutes
2. Direct Instruction15 minutes
3. Guided Practice15 minutes
4. Independent Practice15 minutes
5. Closure5-10 minutes

1. Warm-Up5-10 minutes

   Warm-Up Prompt

   "Read the letter below. Highlight in one color every sentence that tells what other people think. Highlight in another color every sentence that tells what Priya thinks. Then write her position in one sentence."

   1Some students say the old garden behind the gym is a waste of space. They want to pave it and build a second basketball court. I understand why. The one court we have is crowded every lunch, and many students wait the whole period without playing.

   2But the garden is not wasted. Last spring, our science classes counted 14 kinds of birds there, and the sixth graders grew enough tomatoes for two class salad days. Others say no one uses the garden. That is only true in winter. From April to June, the garden club meets there every Tuesday and Thursday.

   3A new court could go on the empty blacktop by the parking lot, where nothing would be lost. Let's build the court, but not on top of the only green place we have.

   4Priya S., grade 7

   Share the highlighting. Students should find two sentences that report other people's views, both marked with a signal: "Some students say" (paragraph 1) and "Others say" (paragraph 2). Everything else is Priya's own view. Her position: the new court should be built on the blacktop, not on the garden. Write point of view, purpose and position on the board, and tell students that RI.7.6 asks two things: what the author thinks, and how the author keeps her view separate from everyone else's. Today's author does this on a much larger stage, in a real fight over a national park.

2. Direct Instruction15 minutes

   Teach five terms and leave them on the board:

   • Point of view: what the author thinks or feels about the subject. In informational texts, this is the author's opinion or perspective, not first or third person.
   • Purpose: why the author wrote the text, such as to inform, to explain, to persuade or to remember an event.
   • Position: the side an author takes on an issue where people disagree.
   • Opposing view: a position that disagrees with the author's. Authors often report it with signals such as "some say," "they claim" or quotation marks.
   • Rebuttal: the author's answer to an opposing view, which tries to show it is wrong or weaker.

   Introduce the text. John Muir (1838-1914) was a naturalist and writer who helped found the Sierra Club and spent years exploring the Sierra Nevada. Yosemite National Park was created by an act of Congress in 1890. The Hetch Hetchy Valley, about twenty miles from the famous Yosemite Valley, has granite cliffs and waterfalls of its own. In the early 1900s, San Francisco asked to build a dam across the Tuolumne River there to store water and make electricity for the city. Muir fought the plan; this chapter, written as the decision was still being made, is his case. Words to know for Passage 1: rock-bound (closed in by rock), sublime (so grand it fills you with awe), repose (rest), frail and fleeting (weak and short-lived), types of permanence (examples of things that last), communion (close sharing of thoughts and feelings), reservoir (a lake made to store water), grossly (very badly), commercial scheme (a plan to make money), urged (pushed for), comparative cheapness (costing less than other choices), divert (turn to another use) and dedicated (set aside for a purpose).

   1It appears, therefore, that Hetch Hetchy Valley, far from being a plain, common, rock-bound meadow, as many who have not seen it seem to suppose, is a grand landscape garden, one of Nature’s rarest and most precious mountain temples. As in Yosemite, the sublime rocks of its walls seem to glow with life, whether leaning back in repose or standing erect in thoughtful attitudes, giving welcome to storms and calms alike, their brows in the sky, their feet set in the groves and gay flowery meadows, while birds, bees, and butterflies help the river and waterfalls to stir all the air into music—things frail and fleeting and types of permanence meeting here and blending, just as they do in Yosemite, to draw her lovers into close and confiding communion with her.

   2Sad to say, this most precious and sublime feature of the Yosemite National Park, one of the greatest of all our natural resources for the uplifting joy and peace and health of the people, is in danger of being dammed and made into a reservoir to help supply San Francisco with water and light, thus flooding it from wall to wall and burying its gardens and groves one or two hundred feet deep. This grossly destructive commercial scheme has long been planned and urged (though water as pure and abundant can be got from outside of the people’s park, in a dozen different places), because of the comparative cheapness of the dam and of the territory which it is sought to divert from the great uses to which it was dedicated in the Act of 1890 establishing the Yosemite National Park.

   • Point of view

     Paragraph 1 calls Hetch Hetchy "a grand landscape garden, one of Nature's rarest and most precious mountain temples." What is Muir's point of view on the valley?

     Result: Muir sees the valley as rare, beautiful and almost holy. The words "rarest," "precious" and "temples" show admiration and reverence (deep respect), not just description. A one-sentence statement: Muir believes Hetch Hetchy is one of nature's rarest treasures and should be treated like a sacred place.

   • How the author marks another view

     In the same sentence Muir writes that the valley is "far from being a plain, common, rock-bound meadow, as many who have not seen it seem to suppose." Whose view is "a plain, common, rock-bound meadow," and how does Muir set his own view apart from it?

     Result: It is the view of other people, the "many" who "seem to suppose" it. The words "far from being" reject that view, and "who have not seen it" hints that those people are judging a place they do not know. Muir, who has seen it, puts his firsthand knowledge against their guess.

   • Purpose

     Paragraph 2 begins "Sad to say" and warns that the valley "is in danger of being dammed and made into a reservoir." What is Muir's purpose in this chapter, and which details show it?

     Result: His purpose is to persuade readers to oppose the dam. "Sad to say" and "in danger" are a warning, and the paragraph names the harm ("flooding it from wall to wall and burying its gardens and groves"). He also offers another answer in parentheses: "water as pure and abundant can be got from outside of the people's park, in a dozen different places." A writer who only wanted to inform would not add that.

   • A second author: answering with a fact

     In the warm-up letter, Priya writes, "Others say no one uses the garden. That is only true in winter." How does she set her position apart here?

     Result: She first reports the other view, marked with the signal "Others say," and then answers it with a fact she can check: "From April to June, the garden club meets there every Tuesday and Thursday." The reader can see both positions and the reason Priya gives for hers.

   Think, mark, answer. Show Diagram 1 and fill in the first row together: what the other side says, how Muir marks it, and what Muir says instead. Then post Diagram 2, the five questions, and walk through them for Passage 1. Give students a sentence frame: "Others believe ___, but the author thinks ___. The author sets this position apart by ___."

3. Guided Practice15 minutes

   Read Passage 2 aloud. It follows Passage 1 directly. Words to know: civilization (an organized society), made manifest (shown clearly), geranium slip (a cutting from a geranium plant), botanical gardens (gardens where plants are grown for study and display), despoiling (robbing, ruining), gainseekers (people seeking profit), mischief-makers (troublemakers), philanthropy (doing good for others), smug-smiling (smiling in a self-satisfied way), shampiously (a word Muir built from "sham," meaning fake, and "piously," meaning in a religious or dutiful way), panutilization (another made-up word: using everything), enterprising (bold in business), reservation (land set aside), strife (conflict) and shorn (cut short). Muir refers to the Bible's story of Jesus driving the money changers out of the temple in Jerusalem, and to the garden of Eden.

   1The making of gardens and parks goes on with civilization all over the world, and they increase both in size and number as their value is recognized. Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play in and pray in, where Nature may heal and cheer and give strength to body and soul alike. This natural beauty-hunger is made manifest in the little window-sill gardens of the poor, though perhaps only a geranium slip in a broken cup, as well as in the carefully tended rose and lily gardens of the rich, the thousands of spacious city parks and botanical gardens, and in our magnificent National parks—the Yellowstone, Yosemite, Sequoia, etc.—Nature’s sublime wonderlands, the admiration and joy of the world. Nevertheless, like anything else worth while, from the very beginning, however well guarded, they have always been subject to attack by despoiling gainseekers and mischief-makers of every degree from Satan to Senators, eagerly trying to make everything immediately and selfishly commercial, with schemes disguised in smug-smiling philanthropy, industriously, shampiously crying, “Conservation, conservation, panutilization,” that man and beast may be fed and the dear Nation made great. Thus long ago a few enterprising merchants utilized the Jerusalem temple as a place of business instead of a place of prayer, changing money, buying and selling cattle and sheep and doves; and earlier still, the first forest reservation, including only one tree, was likewise despoiled. Ever since the establishment of the Yosemite National Park, strife has been going on around its borders and I suppose this will go on as part of the universal battle between right and wrong, however much its boundaries may be shorn, or its wild beauty destroyed.

   Pairs answer four questions with the five-question card (Diagram 2). Share the teacher note after pairs have tried:

   1. Which sentence gives Muir's point of view about why parks matter? Teacher note: "Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play in and pray in, where Nature may heal and cheer and give strength to body and soul alike." He argues that parks meet a need of every person, from the "window-sill gardens of the poor" to the national parks.
   2. What names does Muir give the people on the other side? Teacher note: "despoiling gainseekers and mischief-makers of every degree from Satan to Senators." These are loaded labels, words chosen for their strong feelings. He does not name one real person; he makes the whole group sound greedy and harmful.
   3. What does Muir do with the other side's own word, "Conservation"? Teacher note: he puts "Conservation, conservation, panutilization" in quotation marks, which shows these are their words, not his, and he says they are crying it "shampiously" in "schemes disguised in smug-smiling philanthropy." He suggests that their good-sounding word hides a plan to make money.
   4. How does Muir expect the fight to go on? Teacher note: "I suppose this will go on as part of the universal battle between right and wrong." Muir does not present the dam as a simple difference of opinion. He places himself on the side of right, which leaves no middle ground for the reader.
4. Independent Practice15 minutes

   Students read Passages 3 and 4 on their own. Passage 3 follows Passage 2 directly; Passage 4 comes one paragraph later. Words to know: application (a formal request), supervisors (members of the city's governing board), Secretary of the Interior (the member of the President's cabinet in charge of national parks), presumably (it seems likely), aggregation (a collection), practicable (possible to do), sojourn (stay for a while), commission (a group chosen to study a question), cañon (canyon), excursions (trips), submerged (put under water), watershed (the land that drains into a river or lake), outrageous (shocking), incredible (impossible to believe), proponents (people who argue for something), righteous (morally right), devised (planned) and misleading (giving a wrong idea). Mr. Hitchcock, Mr. Garfield and Mr. Fisher were three Secretaries of the Interior.

   1The first application to the Government by the San Francisco Supervisors for the commercial use of Lake Eleanor and the Hetch Hetchy Valley was made in 1903, and on December 22nd of that year it was denied by the Secretary of the Interior, Mr. Hitchcock, who truthfully said:

   2Presumably the Yosemite National Park was created such by law because within its boundaries, inclusive alike of its beautiful small lakes, like Eleanor, and its majestic wonders, like Hetch Hetchy and Yosemite Valley. It is the aggregation of such natural scenic features that makes the Yosemite Park a wonderland which the Congress of the United States sought by law to reserve for all coming time as nearly as practicable in the condition fashioned by the hand of the Creator—a worthy object of national pride and a source of healthful pleasure and rest for the thousands of people who may annually sojourn there during the heated months.

   3In 1907 when Mr. Garfield became Secretary of the Interior the application was renewed and granted; but under his successor, Mr. Fisher, the matter has been referred to a Commission, which as this volume goes to press still has it under consideration.

   4The most delightful and wonderful camp grounds in the Park are its three great valleys—Yosemite, Hetch Hetchy, and Upper Tuolumne; and they are also the most important places with reference to their positions relative to the other great features—the Merced and Tuolumne Cañons, and the High Sierra peaks and glaciers, etc., at the head of the rivers. The main part of the Tuolumne Valley is a spacious flowery lawn four or five miles long, surrounded by magnificent snowy mountains, slightly separated from other beautiful meadows, which together make a series about twelve miles in length, the highest reaching to the feet of Mount Dana, Mount Gibbs, Mount Lyell and Mount McClure. It is about 8500 feet above the sea, and forms the grand central High Sierra camp ground from which excursions are made to the noble mountains, domes, glaciers, etc.; across the Range to the Mono Lake and volcanoes and down the Tuolumne Cañon to Hetch Hetchy. Should Hetch Hetchy be submerged for a reservoir, as proposed, not only would it be utterly destroyed, but the sublime cañon way to the heart of the High Sierra would be hopelessly blocked and the great camping ground, as the watershed of a city drinking system, virtually would be closed to the public. So far as I have learned, few of all the thousands who have seen the park and seek rest and peace in it are in favor of this outrageous scheme.

   1That any one would try to destroy such a place seems incredible; but sad experience shows that there are people good enough and bad enough for anything. The proponents of the dam scheme bring forward a lot of bad arguments to prove that the only righteous thing to do with the people’s parks is to destroy them bit by bit as they are able. Their arguments are curiously like those of the devil, devised for the destruction of the first garden—so much of the very best Eden fruit going to waste; so much of the best Tuolumne water and Tuolumne scenery going to waste. Few of their statements are even partly true, and all are misleading.

   2Thus, Hetch Hetchy, they say, is a “low-lying meadow.” On the contrary, it is a high-lying natural landscape garden, as the photographic illustrations show.

   3“It is a common minor feature, like thousands of others.” On the contrary it is a very uncommon feature; after Yosemite, the rarest and in many ways the most important in the National Park.

   On the handout, students (1) highlight every place in Passages 3 and 4 where Muir reports what someone else thinks or says; (2) sort each one: an opponent or someone who agrees with Muir; (3) fill in the Passage 4 row of Diagram 1 with one claim Muir answers; (4) write one sentence stating Muir's point of view and one stating his purpose. The quiz uses Passages 3, 4 and 5.

5. Closure5-10 minutes

   Read Passage 5, the end of the chapter, aloud. Words to know: submerging (putting under water), enhance (improve), sham (fake), forsooth (an old word meaning "indeed" or "in truth"), dismal (gloomy), blot (a stain), basin (the bowl-shaped land that holds a lake), drift (things carried along by water), sepulcher (a tomb), unpollutable (unable to be made dirty), sewerage (sewage, human and animal waste), devotees (devoted followers), ravaging (destroying), commercialism (putting profit first), contempt (scorn) and consecrated (made holy).

   1“Damming and submerging it 175 feet deep would enhance its beauty by forming a crystal-clear lake.” Landscape gardens, places of recreation and worship, are never made beautiful by destroying and burying them. The beautiful sham lake, forsooth, should be only an eyesore, a dismal blot on the landscape, like many others to be seen in the Sierra. For, instead of keeping it at the same level all the year, allowing Nature centuries of time to make new shores, it would, of course, be full only a month or two in the spring, when the snow is melting fast; then it would be gradually drained, exposing the slimy sides of the basin and shallower parts of the bottom, with the gathered drift and waste, death and decay of the upper basins, caught here instead of being swept on to decent natural burial along the banks of the river or in the sea. Thus the Hetch Hetchy dam-lake would be only a rough imitation of a natural lake for a few of the spring months, an open sepulcher for the others.

   2“Hetch Hetchy water is the purest of all to be found in the Sierra, unpolluted, and forever unpollutable.” On the contrary, excepting that of the Merced below Yosemite, it is less pure than that of most of the other Sierra streams, because of the sewerage of camp grounds draining into it, especially of the Big Tuolumne Meadows camp ground, occupied by hundreds of tourists and mountaineers, with their animals, for months every summer, soon to be followed by thousands from all the world.

   3These temple destroyers, devotees of ravaging commercialism, seem to have a perfect contempt for Nature, and, instead of lifting their eyes to the God of the mountains, lift them to the Almighty Dollar.

   4Dam Hetch Hetchy! As well dam for water-tanks the people’s cathedrals and churches, for no holier temple has ever been consecrated by the heart of man.

   Exit ticket: (1) Write Muir's position on the dam in one sentence. (2) Name one way Muir sets his position apart from the dam's supporters in Passage 5, and quote the words that show it.

   Teacher note on the history and the language: Muir wrote this chapter while the decision was still open. In December 1913 Congress passed the Raker Act, which allowed San Francisco to build the dam, and President Woodrow Wilson signed it on December 19, 1913; Muir died a year later. O'Shaughnessy Dam was finished in 1923, and the valley lies under the reservoir today. The reservoir still supplies much of San Francisco's water, which is known for its purity, so students can weigh Muir's prediction in Passage 5 against what happened. Muir uses many religious comparisons (Satan, the devil and Eden, the temple in Jerusalem, cathedrals and churches). They are part of how he frames the dispute; students need to understand them to analyze his point of view, and the lesson does not ask them to share any belief. Muir also describes his opponents in harsh terms. Point out that strong labels are a way of setting a position apart, not proof, and that the other side had reasons too, which the homework lets students read in Pinchot's own words.

   For homework: students read Passage 6, printed below. Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946) led the U.S. Forest Service from 1905 to 1910 and helped make "conservation" a household word. He and Muir had once been friends, but they disagreed about Hetch Hetchy, and Pinchot spoke in favor of the dam when Congress considered it in 1913. This passage, from his 1910 book, explains what he believed conservation means. Words to know: fundamental (basic), misconception (a mistaken idea), husbanding (saving carefully), provision (preparing), welfare (well-being), neglecting (failing to care for or use), vital essence (the most necessary part), descendants (the people who come after us), emphatically (strongly), water-power (electricity or work made from moving water) and navigable waterways (rivers and canals that boats can use).

   1The first great fact about conservation is that it stands for development. There has been a fundamental misconception that conservation means nothing but the husbanding of resources for future generations. There could be no more serious mistake. Conservation does mean provision for the future, but it means also and first of all the recognition of the right of the present generation to the fullest necessary use of all the resources with which this country is so abundantly blessed. Conservation demands the welfare of this generation first, and afterward the welfare of the generations to follow.

   2The first principle of conservation is development, the use of the natural resources now existing on this continent for the benefit of the people who live here now. There may be just as much waste in neglecting the development and use of certain natural resources as there is in their destruction. We have a limited supply of coal, and only a limited supply. Whether it is to last for a hundred or a hundred and fifty or a thousand years, the coal is limited in amount, unless through geological changes which we shall not live to see, there will never be any more of it than there is now. But coal is in a sense the vital essence of our civilization. If it can be preserved, if the life of the mines can be extended, if by preventing waste there can be more coal left in this country after we of this generation have made every needed use of this source of power, then we shall have deserved well of our descendants.

   3Conservation stands emphatically for the development and use of water-power now, without delay. It stands for the immediate construction of navigable waterways under a broad and comprehensive plan as assistants to the railroads. More coal and more iron are required to move a ton of freight by rail than by water, three to one. In every case and in every direction the conservation movement has development for its first principle, and at the very beginning of its work. The development of our natural resources and the fullest use of them for the present generation is the first duty of this generation. So much for development.

Differentiation Strategies

Assessment Guidance

1. Question 1 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   Which sentence states a point of view rather than a fact?

   AThe school library opens at 7:30 every morning. BThe library has about 9,000 books on its shelves. CThe library should stay open until 5 p.m. on weekdays. DLast year the library added 300 new books.

2. Question 2 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   An article reads, "Some parents believe homework should be banned. However, a short reading assignment each night helps students build habits." What does the word However do?

   AIt shows that the writer agrees with the parents. BIt marks the turn from the parents' view to the writer's. CIt introduces a fact that proves the parents are right. DIt shows that the article is organized in time order.

3. Question 3 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   A 1910 pamphlet lists the train times from San Francisco to Yosemite, the price of a ticket and the hotels near the park. What is its main purpose?

   ATo inform travelers how to plan a trip BTo persuade Congress to protect the park CTo tell the history of Yosemite National Park DTo explain how the park's valleys were formed

4. Question 4 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   In Passage 3, why does Muir quote Secretary Hitchcock's 1903 decision at length?

   ATo show that the valley's history is told in time order BTo admit that the dam's supporters have a fair point CTo prove that Hitchcock had visited Hetch Hetchy himself DTo show that a government official agreed with him

5. Question 5 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   Muir introduces the quotation by saying that Hitchcock "truthfully said" it (Passage 3, paragraph 1). What does the word truthfully show?

   AThat Hitchcock was under oath in a courtroom BThat Muir is unsure whether Hitchcock was right CThat Muir is signaling his agreement before the quote DThat Hitchcock later changed his mind about the dam

6. Question 6 of 20 · Short Answer

   In Passage 3, paragraph 4, what does Muir predict would happen if Hetch Hetchy were "submerged for a reservoir"? Explain how this prediction supports his position.

   Show model answer

7. Question 7 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   Passage 3 ends, "So far as I have learned, few of all the thousands who have seen the park and seek rest and peace in it are in favor of this outrageous scheme." What does the phrase So far as I have learned do?

   AIt limits the claim to what Muir himself knows. BIt proves that Muir took a survey of all visitors. CIt shows that Muir now supports the dam plan. DIt reports the exact words of the dam's supporters.

8. Question 8 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   Passage 3, paragraph 3, reports that the 1907 application was "renewed and granted" and that a Commission "still has it under consideration." Why might Muir include this plain history in a persuasive chapter?

   ATo prove that the dam had already been finished BTo show readers the question was still open CTo show that he agreed with Secretary Garfield DTo list every official who visited the valley

9. Question 9 of 20 · Multiple Choice

   Passage 4 opens, "That any one would try to destroy such a place seems incredible; but sad experience shows that there are people good enough and bad enough for anything." What does this sentence do before Muir answers the other side's arguments?

   AIt admits that the other side has good reasons for the dam. BIt gives a count of how many people support the dam plan. CIt shows that Muir is unsure the valley is worth saving. DIt prepares readers to distrust the other side in advance.

10. Question 10 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    Muir says his opponents' arguments are "curiously like those of the devil, devised for the destruction of the first garden" (Passage 4, paragraph 1). What is the effect of this comparison?

    AIt makes the other side seem evil, and the valley an Eden. BIt shows that the dam's supporters had religious reasons. CIt proves with facts that the dam would destroy the valley. DIt shows that Muir respects the other side's arguments.

11. Question 11 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    Paragraphs 2 and 3 of Passage 4 each follow the same pattern: a claim from the dam's supporters, then "On the contrary." What does this pattern let Muir do?

    AHide the other side's claims so readers cannot judge them BAdmit that each claim is partly true before moving on CPut each claim in their words and answer it right away DTell the history of the dam in the order it happened

12. Question 12 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    Muir answers the claim that Hetch Hetchy is a "low-lying meadow" by saying it is "a high-lying natural landscape garden, as the photographic illustrations show." What kind of support does he offer?

    AA quotation from a government official BEvidence the reader can check: the photos CA story about his own first visit in 1871 DA comparison with the garden of Eden

13. Question 13 of 20 · Short Answer

    Muir writes, "Few of their statements are even partly true, and all are misleading" (Passage 4, paragraph 1). Is this a fair way to set his position apart from the dam's supporters? Explain, using Passage 4.

    Show model answer

14. Question 14 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    In Passage 5, paragraph 1, the dam's supporters claim a reservoir "would enhance its beauty by forming a crystal-clear lake." What is Muir's main answer?

    AA lake would attract more tourists than the valley ever did. BA lake would be too deep for the city to use in summer. CA lake would make the waterfalls taller and louder. DA lake would be drained each year and leave slimy shores.

15. Question 15 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    Muir calls the reservoir "The beautiful sham lake, forsooth." What tone do these words give his answer to the other side?

    AMocking, turning their word "beauty" against them BCalm, describing the lake without taking a side CHopeful, imagining how the lake might look someday DUncertain, admitting he does not know what will happen

16. Question 16 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    How does Muir answer the claim that "Hetch Hetchy water is the purest of all to be found in the Sierra" (Passage 5, paragraph 2)?

    AHe says that San Francisco already has enough water. BHe quotes a scientist who tested the river water. CHe gives a cause of pollution: camp-ground sewage. DHe agrees that the water is pure but too far away.

17. Question 17 of 20 · Multiple Choice

    Muir calls the dam's supporters "These temple destroyers" (Passage 5, paragraph 3). How does this label connect to Passage 1?

    AIt shows he has changed his mind since the first passage. BIt builds on Passage 1's picture of the valley as a temple. CIt repeats a word the dam's supporters used about themselves. DIt shows that the valley already held a real temple building.

18. Question 18 of 20 · Short Answer

    The chapter ends, "Dam Hetch Hetchy! As well dam for water-tanks the people's cathedrals and churches, for no holier temple has ever been consecrated by the heart of man." Explain the comparison and how it sums up Muir's point of view.

    Show model answer

19. Question 19 of 20 · Short Answer

    Muir's purpose in this chapter is to persuade readers to oppose the dam. Give three different ways he sets his position apart from that of the dam's supporters, each with a quotation from a different passage, and explain how each one serves that purpose.

    Show model answer

20. Question 20 of 20 · Short Answer

    Priya (warm-up letter) and Muir both argue against a plan to build over a green place. Compare how each one treats the other side's position. Use one quotation from each.

    Show model answer

These standards connect to RI.7.6: prerequisites to review first, parallel standards at the same level, and next steps that build on it.

Standard text: Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy. © Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.